The Law of Attraction (LOA) is a universal law that means you attract everything in your life, good and bad as a result of the things you've been thinking, the beliefs behind those thoughts and the "vibrations" you're giving out. That's on the most basic level. According to LOA, if you change your thoughts and beliefs from negative to positive, you will raise your vibration and feel better, which will allow you to get the things you want in life. You can do this through a process called "manifesting". You can also just use it as a way to work through your negative beliefs and feel better; just improve your life in general. There are lots of ways to manifest, including affirmations, visualisations, using a "Vision Board", writing intentions and gratitude lists. What you want to do is "flow energy" towards the thing or experience you want to have and these are all ways to help you do that. It's similar to magic really, when you perform a spell or ceremony you're focusing intent. Let's look at the different techniques.
Update 10/8/24: This post is 11 years old, so now links or sites have changed. I've updated links where I can. :)
Affirmations
An affirmation is a statement that you can use to improve your life. You can use them to make you feel better about yourself and/or manifest something you want. For example you could say affirmations for things you want to believe about yourself such as, "I am a worthwhile person", "I am beautiful" or "I deserve all the good things in my life". Or you could use them to help manifest things that you want e.g. "I am in a wonderful relationship with my loving boyfriend", "I love my new job in advertising" or "I adore driving my bright blue New Mini Cooper/Subaru Impreza/BMW/insert car" (lol). The idea is that you read the affirmations over and over (people often recommend reading them out loud) until they sink into your consciousness and you believe them, and then the things you said start to come true.